Governor for water-wheels



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. W. & E. E. WOODWARD.

GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

No. 583,527. Patented June 1,1897.

W665; I I We /f Z I M40 QM (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. W. 82; E. E.WOODWARD.

GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

No. 583,527. Patented June 1,1897.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. A. W. 86 E. E. WOODWARD.

GOVERNOR FOR WATER WHEELS.

No. 583,527. Patented June 1,- 1897.

(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 4. A. W. 85 E. E. WOODWARD. GOVERNOR FOR WATERWHEELS.

No. 588,527. Patented June 1,1897.

" :M r M 4 UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

AMOS IV. lVOODl/VARD AND ELMER E. WOODWARD, OF ROCKFORD,

ILLINOIS.

GOVERNOR FOR WATER-WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 583,527, dated June 1,1897.

Application filed October 5, 1896. Serial No. 607,960. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that We /AMOS l/V.l/VOODWARD and ELMER E. WooDwARD, citizensof the United States, residing at Rockford, in the county of W'innebagoand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Governors for W'ater-Wheels or other Motors, of which the followingis a specification.

The object of this invention is to produce a sensitive, accurate, andpositive governor for the class of motors mentioned.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective View of agovernor embodying the features of our invention. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation, and Fig. 3 is a planvview, of the same. Fig. 4 is .a rear endelevation of the governor. Fig. 5 is a central section through the mainshaft and the difierential gearing. Fig. 6 is an elevation of thecentrifugal weight head; and Figs. 7 and 8 are side views of the same,the rim being cut away to show the operative parts.

1 is a main frame.

2 is a main shaft journaled in the bearingboxes 3 and 4 in the frame 1.

5 is a hub fast to the shaft 2 about midway of its length. I

6 are bearing-studs integral with said hub and projecting from oppositesides thereof.

7 are two miter-gears, one of which is loosely mounted on each of thestuds 6.

8 are circular washers.

9 are set-screws, by means of which and the washers 8 the miter-gears 7are held in position on their studs 6. p

10 and 11 are sleeves fitting somewhat loosely over the main shaft 2 andlocated one on either side of the hub 5.

l2 and 13 are miter-gears fixed on the adjacent ends of the sleeves 10and 11, respectively, and meshing with the gears 7.

14: is the centrifugal weight-head rigidly mounted on the sleeve 10.

15 is a leather-faced friction-wheel rigidly mounted on the sleeve '10,between the head and the gear 12.

16 is a collar on the sleeve 10, between the head 14 and thefriction-wheel 15, free to slide on the sleeve.

17 is a friction-wheel identical with the wheel 15, but fast to androtating with the sleeve 11.

18 is a rock-shaft lying at right angles to and below the main shaft 2.

18 are upright tubular arms rigidly fixed to the rock-shaft 18.

19 are the bearings for the rock-shaft 18 on the base of the main frame.

20 and 21 are tubular journal-boxes internally threaded at their outerends and having the stems 2O" and 21, respectively, extending at rightangles to the length of the journalboxes, which stems are adapted to fitwithin the tubular arms 18.

20 and 21 are threaded adjusting-steps adapted for the internalscrew-threads in the outer ends of the journal-boxes 20 and 21.

20 and 21 are lock-nuts for retaining the adjusting-steps 20 and 21 inany desired adjustment.

22 and 23 are rotatable friction-disks having bearing-spindles 22 and23, formed integrally therewith and adapted to the journalboxes 20 and21, respectively. The stems 20 and 21 being free to turn in the tubulararms 18 permit the disks 22 and 23 to accommodate themselves to anyslight differences in diameter or slight irregularities in the faces ofthe friction-wheels 15 and 17.

24 is a spring tending to draw the yokeframe away from the weight-head.

25 is a fixed bracket to which one end of the spring 24: is attached.

Referring to the centrifugal weight-head 14, 14 is a drive-pulleyintegral with the head.

14: are arms radiating from the centralhub of the head for supportingthe inclosing rim of the latter.

14 is the inclosing rim of the head, upon which a belt may be run, ifdesirable, instead of on the drive-pulley 14.

14 are the centrifugal weights and their supporting-levers.

14:- are pivotal supports for the same.

14E are coil-springs for restraining the outward throw of thecentrifugal weights.

14 are substantially right-angled levers,the short arm of each of whichis engaged by the weight-levers, and the long arm of each engages thesliding collar 16. p

144 are pivotal supports for the lever le 26 is a lever, one end ofwhich is forked to permit it to partially surround the sleeve 10 andengage the collar 16 at two opposite points.

27 is asupporting-pivot for the lever 28 is a link connecting thejournal'box 20 with the outer end of the lever 26.

In the practical application of this invention to a governor the springsla and the centrifugal weights 14: are arranged fora certain speed, anda belt running from any suitable part of the driven machinery is carriedover either the drive-pulley 14; or the rim in,

giving to the head If a rotary motion. The main shaft 2 has a connectionwith the gate by gearing or other suitable means, but the mere manner ofits attachment not being a feature of our invention is not describedherein.

When the head 14 is rotated by its drivingbelt, the centrifugal weightsfly outward against the restraining action of the springs 14E and rockthe weight-levers 14 on their supporting-pivots 14. These levers engagewith the short arms of levers in and motion is thereby imparted to thelatt er, causing them to rock on their pivots 14c and their free ends topush the collar 16 along the sleeve 10 and in a direction away from thehead 1%. The movement of this collar causes the lever 26 to be slightlyoscillated on its pivot 27, and this oscillation draws the yoke towardthe weighthead by reason of the link connection between the lever andthe yoke. As the rapidity of revolution increases, this action continuesuntil the yoke has reached such a position that the points of contact ofthe two friction-wheels 15 and 17 with the friction-disks 22 and 23 areequally distant from the centers of the disks, which is the normalposition toward which the governor is constantly tending. The rotarymotion imparted to the head 14E also causes the sleeve 10 and thefrictionwheel 15 to revolve, and this motion is transmitted to thefriction-wheel 17 and its supporting-sleeve 11 through thefriction-disks 22 and 23. The same motion also is transmitted by themiter-gear 12 through the like gear '7 to the gear 13, and so long asthe friction-wheels 15 and 17 revolve at an equal rate of speed theywill not cause the main shaft 2 to rotate. in other words, so long asthe friction-wheels 15 and 17 have contact with the friction-disks 22and 23 at equal distance from the centers of the disks, and thereforehave the same rate of rotation, the differential gearing between thesleeves 10 and 11 will merely transmit that motion without effect on themain shaft; but a difference in the relative speed of rotation of thefriction-wheels'will effect a rotation of the main shaft 2 through thisgearing, the direction of the rotation of that shaft being reversed asone or the other of the friction-wheels rotates the more rapidly. If nowthe parts are in this normal position, where the friction-wheels 15 and17 revolve at equal speed and the differential gearing transmits thesame motion that it receives, imparting no movement to the main shaft 2,and a considerable load is suddenly thrown upon the machinery, theresult will be a slackening of the speed of the head 14: and aconsequent diminution of the centrifugal force in the weights 1%, byreason of which they will be drawn inward by their restrainingsprings 14The movement of the levers It will also oscillate the levers 14permitting the collar 16 to reccde toward the head 14 and the spring 2ato draw the yoke away from the head. This movement, it will be seen,will move the centers of the friction-disks 22 and 23 toward thefriction-wheel 17, thereby diminishin g the relative rapidity of itsrotation. This difference in speed is taken up by the differentialgearing and imparted to shaft 2, rotating that shaft in a directionwhich by prearrangement opens the gate and increases the power. \Vithadded power comes increased speed, and as the head is rotated morerapidly the centrifugal force of the wheel 14 is rendered greater, andthe yoke is thereby again oscillated toward the head. This movement alsochanges the relative speed of the friction-wheels 15 and 17 ,and theyare brought back to an equal rate of rotation, when the main shaft 2will cease to revolve, and the position of the gate will remainunchanged so long as the normal speed of the machinery is maintained.If, however, a portion of the load be thrown off from the machinery atthis time, the speed of the latter will increase, the centrifugal forceof the weights 14 will continue to draw the friction-disks toward thehead 14:, and the friction-wheel 17 will rotate relatively more rapidlythan the wheel 15, producing a rotation of shaft 2 in contrary directionthrough its differential gearing. This movement of the shaft 2 isarranged to close the gate somewhat, and thereby diminish the power. v

It is manifest that a governor might be constructed wherein onefriction-disk is moved across the faces of two friction-wheels withsomewhat the same result that we have here obtained, but in practice itwill be discovered thatto produce the necessary frictional contactbetween the disk and the friction-wheels will cause such great endpressure against the bearin gs of the disk as seriously to interferewith the free movement of that disk. This objection is entirely overcomeby employing two friction-disks and the rocking yoke of our invention,whereby any desired frictional contact between the wheels and the disksmay be produced without in any measure interfering with the freeoscillation of the yoke in its bearings. \Ve have also found that thetendency of the friction-wheels rotating against a single friction-diskis to rock the yoke and hinder the free action of the centrifugalweights. This tendency not being a constant factor cannot be guardedagainst otherwise than to neutralize the effect upon one friction-diskby the exactly opposite effect produced by the friction-wheels rollingin a contrary direction against another friction-disk mounted. in theyoke and deriving its motion from the opposite sides of thefriction-wheels, as developed in the invention of this governor.

WVe claim as our invention- 1. In a governor, in combination, asupporting-frame, a main shaft, two frictionwheels revolving freely withrelation thereto, a rotatable friction-disk bearing upon said wheels, adifferential gearing for the shaft comprising a gear-wheel rotating witheach friction-wheel, a hub fast to the main shaft, and a gear-wheel journaled 011 said hub, meshing with the two gear-wheels before mentionedand means for moving the frictiondisk across the faces of thefriction-wheels, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a governor, in combination, a sup porting-frame, a main shaft, twofrictionwheels revolving freely with relation thereto, two rotatablefriction-disks bearing upon said Wheels, a differential gearing for theshaft comprising a gear-wheel rotating with each friction-wheel, a hubfast to the main shaft, and a gear-wheel journaled on said hub, meshingwith the two gear-wheels before mentioned and means for moving thefrictiondisks across the faces of the friction-wheels, substantially asand for the purpose specified.

3. In a governor, in combination, a supporting-frame, a main shaft, twosleeves loosely mounted thereon, a friction-wheel fast on each of thesleeves, two rotatable frictiondisks bearing upon the peripheries of thefriction-wheels at substantially opposite points thereon, miter-gears onthe adjacent ends of the sleeves, gears meshing therewith, which lattergears are free to revolve on their own axes but rotate with the mainshaft,and means for moving the friction-disks across the faces of thefriction-wheels, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a governor, in combination, a supporting-frame, a main shaftjournaled therein, two sleeves loosely mounted on the shaft, afriction-wheel fixed on each of the sleeves, mitergears on the adjacentends of the sleeves, a hub fixed on the shaft between the gears, twomiter-gears loosely mounted on the hub and meshing with the gears on thesleeves, a movable yoke on the supportingframe, two rotatablefriction-disks mounted in the yoke and having contact with thefriction-wheels, at substantially opposite points on their peripheries,and means for moving the yoke substantially as and for the purposespecified.

5. In a governor, in combination, a supporting-frame, a main shaftjournaled therein, two sleeves loosely mounted on the shaft afriction-wheel rotatable with each of the sleeves, a hub fixed on theshaft between the sleeves, two miter-gears journaled on the oppositesides of the hub, two miter-gears meshing therewith and fixed on theadjacent sleeve ends, an upright swinging yoke in the supporting frame,two rotatable friction disks.

mounted on opposite sides of the yoke and having contact with thefriction-wheels, at substantially opposite points on their peripheries,and centrifugal weights for moving the yoke substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

6. In a governor, in combination, a supporting-frame, a main shaftjournaled therein, two sleeves loosely mounted on the shaft, afriction-wheel rotating with each of the sleeves, a hub fixed on theshaft between the sleeves, two miter-gears j ournaled on the hub onopposite sides thereof, two miter-gears meshing therewith and fixed onthe adjacent sleeve ends, an upright swinging yoke in thesupporting-frame, two rotating friction-disks mounted on opposite sidesof the yoke and having contact with the friction-wheels at substantiallyopposite points on their peripheries, a spring for the yoke, andcentrifugal weights for moving the yoke against the action of thespring, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In a governor, in combination, a main frame, a main shaft journaledtherein, two sleeves loosely mounted on the shaft, a friction-wheelrotating with each of the sleeves, a hub fixed on the shaft between thesleeves, two miter-gears journaled on opposite sides of the hub, twomiter-gears meshing therewith and fixed on the. adjacent sleeve ends, anupright swinging yoke in the supportingframe, two rotatablefriction-disks mounted on opposite sides of the yoke and having contactwith the friction-wheels, at substantially opposite points on theirperipheries, a rotatable head, a centrifugal weight therein,a spring forrestraining the centrifugal force of the weight and a lever for movingthe yoke, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In a governor, in combination, a main frame, a main shaft journaledtherein, two sleeves loosely mounted on the shaft, a friction-wheelrotating with each of the sleeves, a hub fixed on the shaft between thesleeves, two miter-gears journaled on opposite sides of the hub, twomiter-gears meshing therewith and fixed on the adjacent sleeve ends, anupright swinging yoke in the supportingframe, two rotatablefriction-disks mounted on opposite sides of the yoke and having contactwith the friction-wheels, at substantially opposite points on theirperipheries, a weighthead fixed on one of the sleeves, two centrifugalweights in the head, levers for the weights having a pivotal bearing inthe head, springs for restraining the centrifugal force of the weights,a collar free to slide on the sleeve, two right-angled levers betweenthe weight-levers and collar, a pivotal bearing for each of theright-angled levers, a lever engaging the collar, a link connecting thelatter lever with the yoke and a pivot for the last-named lever,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In a governor, in combination, a main frame, a main shaft journaledtherein, two sleeves loosely mounted on the shaft, a friction-wheelrotating with each of the sleeves,

a hub fixed on the shaft between the sleeves,

the hubs, whereby suitable contact between the friction-wheels and thefriction-disks is obtained, a weight-head fixed on one of the sleeves,two centrifugal weights in the head, levers for the weights having apivotal bearing in the head, springs for restraining the centrifugalforce of the Weights, a collar free to slide on the sleeve, tworight-angled levers between the weight-levers and the collar, a pivotalbearing for each of the right-angled levers, a lever engaging thecollar, a link connecting the latter lever with the yoke and a pivot forthe last-named lever, substaniially as and for the purpose specified.

AMOS XV. XVOODlVARD. ELMER E. "OODVV'ARD. Viinesses:

L. L. MILLER, NELLIE BUNKER.

